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Pāli Primer

Lily de Silva, M.A., Ph.D.
University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

 Note: VU-Times font (Viet-Pali Unicode) is used in this document

Lesson 27

1. Declension of masculine nouns ending in -u

Garu = Teacher

  Singular Plural
Nom. garu garū, garavo
Voc. garu garū, garavo
Acc. garuṃ garū, garavo
Ins. garunā garūhi (garūbhi)
Abl. garunā garūhi (garūbhi)
Dat. garuno, garussa garūnaṃ
Gen. garuno, garussa garūnaṃ
Loc. garumhi, garusmiṃ garūsu

2. Masculine nouns ending in -u

bhikkhu - monk
bandhu - relation
taru - tree
bahu - arm
sindhu - sea
pharasu - axe
pasu - beast
ākhu - rat
ucchu - sugar cane
veḷu - bamboo
kaṭacchu - spoon
sattu - enemy
setu - bridge
ketu - banner
susu - young one

3. Declension of masculine nouns ending in -ū

Vidū - wise man

  Singular Plural
Nom. vidū vidū, viduno
Voc. vidū vidū, viduno
Acc. viduṃ vidū, viduno

The rest is similar to the garu declension.

  Singular Plural
Ins. vidunā vidūhi (vidūbhi)
Abl. vidunā vidūhi (vidūbhi)
Dat. viduno, vidussa vidūnaṃ
Gen. viduno, vidussa vidūnaṃ
Loc. vidumhi, vidusmiṃ vidūsu

4. Masculine nouns ending in -ū

pabhū - eminent person
sabbaññū - omniscient one
viññū - wise man
vadaññū - philanthropist
atthaññū - benevolent man
mattaññū - moderate or abstemious man

Exercise 27

5. Translate into English:

1. Bhikkhavo Tathāgatassa sāvakā honti.
2. Bandhavo ammaṃ passituṃ nagaramhā gāmaṃ āgamiṃsu.
3. Coro āraññe taravo chindituṃ pharasuṃ ādāya gacchi / agami.
4. Sīhā ca dīpayo ca aṭaviyaṃ vasante pasavo māretvā khādanti.
5. Sappurisā viññuno bhavanti.
6. Bhūpati mantīhi saddhiṃ sindhuṃ taritvā sattavo paharitvā jinituṃ ussahi.
7. Ammā kaṭacchunā dārikaṃ odanaṃ bhojāpesi.
8. Hatthino ca kaṇeruyo ca ucchavo ākaḍḍhitvā khādiṃsu.
9. Bhūpatissa mantino sattūnaṃ ketavo āhariṃsu.
10. Setumhi nisinno bandhu taruno sākhaṃ hatthena ākaḍḍhi.
11. Uyyāne ropitesu veḷūsu pakkhino nisīditvā gāyanti.
12. Sace pabhuno atthaññū honti manussā sukhino gāme viharituṃ sakkonti.
13. Sabbaññū Tathāgato dhammena manusse anusāsati.
14. Mattaññū sappurisā dīghajīvino ca sukhino ca bhaveyyuṃ.
15. Viññūhi anusāsitā mayaṃ kumārā sappurisā bhavituṃ ussahimha.
16. Mayaṃ ravino ālokena ākāse uḍḍente pakkhino passituṃ sakkoma.
17. Tumhe pabhuno hutvā dhammena jīvituṃ vāyameyyātha.
18. Ahaṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ bhikkhuṃ jānāmi.
19. Ahayo ākhavo khādantā aṭaviyā vammikesu (anthills) vasanti.
20. Vanitāya sassu bhaginiyā ucchavo ca padumāni ca adadi / adāsi.

6. Translate into Pāli:

1. Crossing the bridge the enemy has entered the island.
2. You shall not cut bamboos with axes, you may with saws.
3. King's ministers tied banners on the bridge and on trees.
4. The beasts fed the young ones with rats.
5. Wise men became eminent people.
6. The monk was a relation of the king who rules the island.
7. The trees cut by the enemy fell into the sea.
8. With the fist the mother hit the dog which was trying to bite the girl.
9. Kings protect recluses, brahmins, men and beasts living in the island.
10. Mother's sister killed a rat with a bamboo.
11. The teacher sent sugar-cane to the tuskers' young ones.
12. Seeing a monkey trying to enter the house the husband closed the door.

-ooOoo-


English: 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | Appendix

Workbook: 01-05 | 06-10 | 11-15 | 16-20 | 21-25 | 26-32

Vietnamese: 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | Phụ đính

"The Pāli Primer" is a publication of the Vipassana Research Institute (https://www.vri.dhamma.org).
It aims to provide an elementary understanding of the Pali language.


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last updated: 06-08-2004